FACTORS INFLUENCING SELF-MANAGEMENT BEHAVIORS AMONG ADULTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main causes of death and disability in China. The objective of this study was to investigate self-management behaviors and its influencing factors after PCI in adults with coronary heart disease. The four factors include self-efficacy, health literacy, self-perceived burden, and social support. The sample included 149 adult patients with coronary heart disease at 1 to 3 months after PCI who were followed up in the Outpatient Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The sample was recruited using simple random sampling technique. Data collection was conducted from September to December 2022. Data collection tools included :1) Personal information of adults with coronary heart disease after PCI 2) general self-efficacy questionnaire 3) health literacy questionnaire 4) self-perceived burden questionnaire 5) perceived social support questionnaire 6) self-management behaviors questionnaire. The reliability of Cronbach's Alpha coefficients for questionnaires 2-6 were 0.921, 0.918, 0.926, 0.880 and 0.906, respectively.

The results showed that the average self-management behaviors of adults with coronary heart disease after PCI was 3.07 (SD = 0.41), which belonged to the lower medium level. Together, these four factors explain 47.3% of the variance in self-management behavior. (R2 = 0.473, F (4, 144) = 32.26, p < .001). The best predictor was self-efficacy (β = . 671, p < .001), followed by social support (β = . 358, p < .001), followed by health literacy (β = .228，p ＜ .05). While self-perceived burden (β = -.243, p > .05) had no statistical significant influence on self-management behaviors.

The results of this study provide preliminary information on self-management behaviors and its predictive factors in adults with coronary heart disease after PCI. Important influencing factors, including self-efficacy, health literacy and social support, should be taken into account when developing nursing intervention to improve patients’self-management behaviours.

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