FACTORS INFLUENCING DIETARY BEHAVIORS OF ADULTS WITH RECURRENT KIDNEY STONES IN WENZHOU, CHINA

Abstract

The incidence of recurrent kidney stones is high worldwide, appropriate dietary behaviors is important to prevent recurrent kidney stones. The study was guided by the Health Belief Model, aimed to describe the dietary behaviors and to examine its influencing factors among adults with recurrent kidney stones. One-hundred and ten adults with recurrent kidney stones were recruited by a simple random sampling from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Instruments included the demographic information questionnaire, the Health Belief Scale and the Dietary Behaviors Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis.

Results showed that the mean score of dietary behaviors was 54.90 out of 95 (SD = 8.61). Five behaviors with the lowest mean scores were controlling weight through diet (2.53±1.24), eating less coarse grains and fiber (2.54±1.10), drinking more alcohol (2.62±1.64), intaking high calcium milk or yoghurt, tofu, or small fish (2.65±1.12), and drinking less water (2.69±1.24). Perceived threat, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy explained 20.4% in the variance of dietary behaviors among adults with recurrent kidney stones (Adj R2 = .204, F = 8.001, p < .001). However, only perceived threat (β = .287, p < .001) and perceived barriers (β = -.409, p < .001) could significantly predict the dietary behaviors among the participants.

The findings indicated that improve perceived threat and reduce perceived barriers can help improve dietary behaviors among adults with recurrent kidney stones. Nurses and healthcare providers should provide more information to this population to help them understand more which can help reduce barriers and improve perceived threat in order to prevent the recurrent kidney stones.

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