IMAGE CLASSIFICATION AND CHANGE ANALYSIS OF CA-MARKOV FOR LAND USE/LAND COVER OF BANG LAMUNG DISTRICT, PATTAYA CITY, CHON BURI PROVINCE, THAILAND

Abstract

The Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) development lies at the heart of Thailand 4.0 scheme. The EEC is an area-based development initiative, aiming to develop its eastern provinces into a leading ASEAN economic zone. The EEC straddles three eastern provinces of Thailand, namely, Chonburi, Rayong, and Chachoengsao. Pattaya City and Bang Lamung district are located in the southern part of Chonburi province, Thailand.

This study aims to analyze the land use/land cover (LULC) changes in the Bang Lamung district by using a Cellular Automata-Markov (CA-Markov) model. The results show that the first scenario is spontaneous in LULC change, with the highest growth since 2009-2032 in the built-up areas with an average annual change of 94.83%. The agriculture areas have been steadily decreasing with an average annual change of -46.41% and – 25.29% respectively. The second scenario is the green area improvement. The study found that the green area will remain sufficient for the population in 2027 and 2032. However, the annual change rate of green area per population tends to decrease, especially in the area of Pattaya City. From the results, it was found that green areas in urban areas such as Nong Pa Lai Sub-district, Bang Lamung Sub-district and Na Kluea Sub-district which covers the area of Pattaya City and consists mainly of open spaces with a decrease in the average amount of green space per person per year is about -60.74%, -55.63% and -48.31% respectively. The third scenario is the area comprehensive plan. Comparison of the simulation results of the LULC map in 2027 and 2032 with the current Bang Lamung town plan found that the urbanization area has changed expansion according to the overall town plan. The results indicate that the built-up area is expected to increase by an annual change of 13.10%, while the area used for agriculture is expected to decrease by an annual change of -55.99%. The distribution of controlled and protected areas is inconsistent with the town plan due to the inefficiency of government officials. The results showed that under the controlled area, the share of agriculture is expected to decline on average annually at -8.14% between 2022 and 2032.

These land use changes will be useful in planning the urban administration and management of Bang Lamung City to accommodate the growth of the EEC project.

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